Demographics

Historical populations Census Pop. %± 1850 2,863 — 1860 3,634 26.9% 1870 4,907 35.0% 1880 4,977 1.4% 1890 7,995 60.6% 1900 8,068 0.9% 1910 7,611 −5.7% 1920 8,018 5.3% 1930 11,544 44.0% 1940 13,050 13.0% 1950 16,437 26.0% 1960 72,365 340.3% 1970 139,282 92.5% 1980 142,513 2.3% 1990 159,789 12.1% 2000 158,216 −1.0% 2010 180,105 13.8% Est. 2012 183,739 2.0% U.S. Decennial Census 2012 Estimate

As of the census of 2000, there were 158,216 people, 66,742 households, and 41,713 families residing in the city. The population density was 909.0 people per square mile (351.0/km2). There were 73,670 housing units at an average density of 423.3 per square mile (163.4/km2). The racial makeup of the city was 64.47% White, 30.21% Black or African American, 0.54% Native American, 2.22% Asian, 0.06% Pacific Islander, 0.66% from other races, and 1.84% from two or more races. Hispanic or Latino of any race were 2.04% of the population. Non-Hispanic Whites were 58% of the population in 2010, compared to 86.9% in 1970.

There were 66,742 households out of which 27.6% had children living with them, 45.5% were married couples living together, 13.7% had a female householder with no husband present, and 37.5% were non-families. 32.3% of all households were made up of individuals and 9.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.29 and the average family size was 2.91. Same-sex couple households comprised 0.5% of all households.

Demographic distribution Age <18 18-24 25-44 45-64 65+ Distribution % 23.1 10.7 29.3 23.4 13.4 Sex ratio and income distribution Median Age 37 Sex Ratio F:M 100:92.8 Sex Ratio age 18+ F:M 100:89.7 Median Income $41,074 Family Median Income $52,202 Male Median Income $40,003 Female Median Income $26,085 Per capita Income $24,015 Percent Below poverty 12.8 Age < 18 Below Poverty 18.7 Age 65+ Below Poverty 9.0